Dystonia affects what on the body?

• A. Neck and facial muscles only
• B. Neck, eyelids, jaw or tongue movements, voice box and vocal cords, hand and forearm, raised shoulder, and foot drop
• C. Only trunk muscles
• D. Only foot movements

Answer: (B)

Dystonia is a movement disorder defined by involuntary muscle contractions that cause twisting, repetitive movements or abnormal postures. These contractions can involve several parts of the body and aren’t limited to a single region. In reality, dystonia can affect the neck (causing abnormal head postures), the eyelids, jaw or tongue, the voice box and vocal cords, the hands and forearms, the shoulders, and even the feet. That broad range is why the answer listing multiple body areas best reflects how dystonia can present. The other options are too narrow, describing involvement in only one area or a limited region, which doesn’t capture the full spectrum of dystonia’s potential impact.